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安規電(dian)容(rong)是指用(yong)于這樣的場合，即(ji)電(dian)容(rong)器失效后，不(bu)會導(dao)致電(dian)擊，不(bu)危及人身安全。安規電(dian)容(rong)通常只用(yong)于抗干(gan)擾電(dian)路(lu)中的濾波作用(yong)。

基(ji)本定義

安規電(dian)容(rong)是(shi)指用于這(zhe)樣(yang)的場合，即電(dian)容(rong)器失效(xiao)后，不會導(dao)致電(dian)擊，不危及人身安全。

它(ta)包括X電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)和(he)Y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)兩(liang)種類型，x電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)是(shi)跨接在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力線兩(liang)線（L-N）之間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，一(yi)般選用金屬(shu)薄膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)；Y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)是(shi)分別跨接在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力線兩(liang)線和(he)地之間（L-E，N-E）的電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，一(yi)般是(shi)成對出現。基于的限制(zhi)，Y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)值不能太大，一(yi)般X電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)是(shi)uF級，Y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)是(shi)nF級。X電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)抑制(zhi)差(cha)模干(gan)擾，Y電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)抑制(zhi)共模干(gan)擾。

根據(ju)IEC 60384-14，電容器分為X電容及(ji)Y電容：

1. X電容(rong)是指跨(kua)于L-N之間的電容(rong)器。

2. Y電容是指跨于(yu)L-G/N-G之間的電容器。

(L=Line, N=Neutral, G=Ground)

X電容底(di)下(xia)又分為(wei)X1, X2, X3，主(zhu)要(yao)差別(bie)在(zai)于(yu)：1. X1耐(nai)高壓(ya)大于(yu)2.5 kV,小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)4 kV,　　2. X2耐(nai)高壓(ya)小于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)2.5 kV。

3. X3耐高壓小(xiao)于等于1.2 kV

Y電容(rong)底(di)下(xia)又分(fen)為Y1, Y2, Y3，Y4,主(zhu)要(yao)差別(bie)在于：1. Y1耐高壓(ya)(ya)大于8 kV；2. Y2耐高壓(ya)(ya)大于5 kV；3. Y3耐高壓(ya)(ya)n/a；4. Y4耐高壓(ya)(ya)大于2.5 kV

X,Y電(dian)容都是(shi)安規(gui)電(dian)容,火線(xian)(xian)零線(xian)(xian)間的(de)是(shi)X電(dian)容,火線(xian)(xian)與地間的(de)是(shi)Y電(dian)容。

它(ta)們(men)用(yong)(yong)在電(dian)源濾(lv)波器里,起(qi)到電(dian)源濾(lv)波作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),分(fen)別對共(gong)模（Y電(dian)容）,差模（X電(dian)容）干擾起(qi)濾(lv)波作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。

一.抑制電(dian)源電(dian)磁干擾用電(dian)容器

當(dang)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)源跨(kua)線電(dian)路中(zhong)使用(yong)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)來消除噪音時，不僅(jin)僅(jin)只有(you)正常電(dian)壓(ya)，還(huan)必須考慮到異常的(de)脈(mo)沖電(dian)壓(ya)（如閃電(dian)）的(de)產生，這可(ke)能會導(dao)致電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)冒煙或(huo)者起(qi)火。所以(yi)，跨(kua)線電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的(de)安全標準對于在(zai)(zai)不同(tong)國家有(you)嚴格規(gui)定，故必須使用(yong)經過安全認(ren)證的(de)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。

二.不允(yun)許將直流(liu)電(dian)容器用(yong)作跨線電(dian)容器使用(yong)：

對于X2類抑制電(dian)源電(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)(gan)擾用(yong)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器應(ying)適用(yong)于在電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器失效時(shi)不會(hui)導(dao)致電(dian)擊(ji)(ji)危(wei)險的(de)場合，如(ru)電(dian)源跨(kua)線路連接(jie)(jie)，可承受2.5kV的(de)脈(mo)沖電(dian)壓(ya)。　　對于Y2類抑制電(dian)源電(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)(gan)擾用(yong)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器應(ying)適用(yong)于在電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器失效時(shi)不會(hui)導(dao)致電(dian)擊(ji)(ji)危(wei)險的(de)場合，用(yong)于電(dian)源跨(kua)線路連接(jie)(jie)時(shi)，能承受5kV的(de)脈(mo)沖電(dian)壓(ya)沖擊(ji)(ji)，不致發生擊(ji)(ji)穿現象。

基(ji)本作用

電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(Electric capacity)，由(you)兩個(ge)金屬極，中間夾(jia)有(you)（介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)）構成(cheng)。由(you)于(yu)絕(jue)緣(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)不(bu)同，所(suo)構成(cheng)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器的(de)(de)種類也有(you)所(suo)不(bu)同：按(an)結構可分為(wei)(wei)(wei)：固定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，可變電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，微調電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)。按(an)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)可分為(wei)(wei)(wei)：氣(qi)體介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，液體介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，無(wu)機(ji)固體介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，有(you)機(ji)固體介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)。按(an)極性(xing)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)：有(you)極性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)和無(wu)極性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)。 我們最常見到的(de)(de)就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中具有(you)隔斷直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)，通過交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)作用，因此常用于(yu)級間耦(ou)合、濾(lv)波、去耦(ou)、旁路及(ji)信(xin)號調諧。

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